Graphs, Tables, and Pictographs/Transcript

(colorful wave transition)

(we see Joji and Ogot looking at a chart)

Ogot: Hi, Joji!

Joji: Oh, hey, Ogot!

Ogot: What's that? Did you draw that?

Joji: Oh, this? Oh, no, this is a bar graph.

(the words 'bar graph' pop up in blue)

Ogot: Ooh, I thought those were buildings.

Joji: (snickers) Hmm, they do look like buildings, but a bar graph is used to organize information so that you can understand it easily. Like this one, it shows the number of typhoons that hit our country in the past years.

Ogot: Hmm, there were more typhoons in 1993 than in 2003 and 2013.

Joji: That's right! See, just by looking at the bar graph, you were able to understand what information it shows.

Ogot: And you can easily compare the number of typhoons each year!

Joji: That's right! But aside from the bar graph, there are other ways to organize information so that you can understand them better. Joji: Like tables, these are used to present different information through the use of columns and rows. We also have pictographs that show information using pictures. Joji: We also have pictographs that show information using pictures,

(we see a pie chart)

and you have your pie charts that are used to present parts of a whole.

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Ogot: Cool! Instead of looking at many numbers, these are easier to understand.

Joji: I totally agree.

Ogot: Why are you looking at that bar graph anyway?

Joji: Well, I'm just wondering if we are going to have more typhoons this year.

Ogot: Interesting. Did you find out yet?

Joji: Well, there were less typhoons in 2003 and 2013 than in 1993. Hopefully, the numbers don't get high this year, but it's really hard to tell.

Ogot: But at least we have an idea, right?

Joji: That's right! And that's one of the uses for bar graphs! It helps us prepare for what may happen in the future.

Ogot: So we can prepare!

Joji: Right. I totally agree.

Ogot: And be ready for what tomorrow brings.

Joji: That's right.

Ogot: Now, let's prepare!

Joji: Oh, for-for what?

Ogot: Prepare! We don't know how many typhoons or how strong they can be, so we must be prepared, right?

Joji: That's a good idea, Ogot, we must always be prepared.

Ogot: So, how do we prepare? How about building a big boat, so when there's flood-

Joji: (laughs) No, no, Ogot, not like that. But...what we can do is prepare an emergency bag. What do you think?

Ogot: Right, right! An emergency bag where we can put flashlights, first aid kit, and food!

Joji: (laughs) But first, we need to find a good bag.

Ogot: Okay, let's do that!

Joji: What about you? Do you have an emergency bag at home? (pause) Well, I think you should start prepareing one too. Let's go, Ogot?

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Marj: Yesterday, I ate merienda with my friends. We had a pack of yummy kuchinta from Mang Ambo, and do you know how many kuchinta we ate? Let me show you this bar graph. Can you tell me who ate the most kuchinta? (pause) (laughs) Obviously, it's Ogot! He had 15 kuchinta. Oh, he really loved it! Can you tell me who ate the least kuchinta? (pause) Yes, Cathy. She likes kuchinta, but it's not her favorite. Joji and I ate the same number of kuchinta. Can you tell me how many kuchinta we ahred all together? (pause) Yes, add all these numbers, and we'll get 30. There were 30 kuchinta. And look at this pie chart! Ogot ate half of the whole pack of kuchinta. Even in just a glance, you can see how we shared our merienda yesterday, thanks to the bar graph and pie chart. Ogot may have the most kuchinta, but one thing is for sure: we all had a great merienda time yesterday.

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Joji: Have you heard of the word 'determination'?

(the word 'determination' pops up in blue)

Joji: It's a quality that makes you continue doing what is difficult. It means you keep doing it even when if it's very hard. In our story today, let's find out how determination saves not just one, but two lives.

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Joji: Soldier and Boy Saved Each Other, by Suzanne Simard.

(page flip)

Joji: 'Although there are many sad stories anbout Yolanda, there are also stories that have happy endings. This is one such story that brings hope.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'Lieutenant Colonel Boise Karangan is with the Philippine Air Force. He was in Tacloban with other soldiers on red alert to help people get to safety before the typhoon arrived.

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Joji: Lieutenant Colonel is one of the higher ranks among soldiers. It is two ranks away from the General.

(we the symbol for LC and the definition below)

Joji: 'When typhoon Tolanda came, it brought waves over four meters high. Even if you could run fast, you could not escape.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'Lieutenant Colonel Boise Karangan and other soldiers were swept out to sea, when a huge wave hit, and flooded their office near Tacloban City Airport.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'Karangan found himself floating on a piece of wood from a wrecked house. He held on for about six hours as Yolanda continued to cause damage in the coastal towns of Leyte and Eastern Samar.'

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Joji: 'Wrecked House' is a house that has been destroyed.

(we see a wrecked house and its definition below)

Joji: 'After several hours, Karangan saw a 7-year-old boy clinging to a floating coconut tree. His name was Miguel, and he looked tired and scared.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'The soldier joined the boy, and floated to what seemed to be the middle of nowhere, clinging to the piece of wood. They were tossed around like toy dolls by strong waves and swirling winds.'

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Joji: 'Clinging' means holding on tightly. Why did they cling to the piece of wood?

(we see hands clinging on wood and the definition below)

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Joji: 'At one point, Karangan knew that he had met young Miguel for a reason. While they were floating, the soldier was getting very tired, but the boy reminded him of his family. He also thought that Miguel was too young, so he felt determined to save him.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'Karangan's determination was rewarded when he saw the shoreline of Basai, on the other side of San Juanaco Strait.'

(we see the words 'Determination - The quality of having a firm goal and doing it' pop up, with 'Determination' in red and the rest in blue)

(page flip)

Joji: 'As they went ashore, people found them and quickly wrapped the boy in a blanket.'

(page flip)

Joji: 'Lieutenant Colonel Boise Karangan lived to tell the story of how the boy he saved had saved him too.'

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Joji: Great story, right? With determination, we can save lives. What about you? What are you determined to do?

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(we see James Lez Read in his house)

James: Yo, what's up, it's James Lez Read here, and you better listen carefully, because today, I will teach you how to read words with silent letters. What are silent letters? Well, these are letters in words, but we don't say their sound. Take a look at this word, 'knit'.

(the word 'knit' pops up in blue)

James: Did you notice anything strange about this word? (pause) We usually read a word using its first letter, but this word doesn't follow that rule. Words like this can be very tricky, but don't worry, I'll show you more words that break this rule!

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(we see a lola knitting, with 'knit')

James: Knit. As you can see, it has the letter K at the beginning, but we don't say it's sound. Knit.

(we see a knotted rope, with 'knot')

James: Knot. As you can see, it has the letter K at the beginning, but we don't say its sound. Knot.

(we see 'know')

James: Can you read this word? (pause) We read this as 'know'. We don't read the letter K at the beginning of this word. Know.

(we see 'knew')

James: Knew. Another word that begins with a silent letter K is 'knew'.

(we see 'knock' and 'knob', with a boy knocking on a door)

James: 'Knock' and 'knob' also start with a silent letter K. Knock. Knob.

(we see 'knee' and 'keel', with a girl kneeling)

James: 'Knee' and 'kneel' are also rule breakers. We do not say the letter K at the beginning of these words. This is 'knee', this is 'kneel'.

(we see all the words)

James: Do you notice something about these words? (pause) Correct. They all have the silent letter K. These words are tricky, but we see a pattern here. Whenever the letter K is followed by the letter N, it becomes silent. Let's read the words again! Knot. Knit. Knew. Know. Knock. Knob. Knee. Kneel.

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James: Let's play a game! Let's look for the silent letters in these words!

(we see 'knee')

James: This is the first word! Do you see the silent letter here? Correct. The letter K is silent. Can you read the word? (pause) We read this word as 'knee'. Read it with me! 'Knee', 'knee', 'knee'.

(we see 'knew')

James: Does this word use any silent letters? (pause) Yes, it uses the silent letter K. Knew. Read it! Knew.

(we see 'knit')

James: How about this word? Do you see the silent letter here? (pause) Are you sure it's the letter T? Try again! (pause) That's right! This word uses the silent letter K. Knit. Your turn!

(we see 'know')

James: Know. Can you tell me what the silent letter is in this word? We don't hear the letter K in this word. Know. Say it with me! Know.

(we see 'knot')

James: Knot. Do you see any silent letters here? (pause) That's right, we don't hear the sound of the letter K. Knot. Your turn!

(we see 'knock')

James: Can you tell me which is the silent letter? (pause) Correct. It is the letter K. Knock. Read it with me! Knock.

(we see all the aforementioned words)

James: Now, let's read them all together. Knee. Knit. Know. Knew. Knot. Knock.

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James: Good job! Now, you know more words that use the silent letter K! But there are more words with the silent letter K around you! Try looking for them! (laughs)

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Ogot: I'm ready, Joji!

Joji: Good job, Ogot. Now that we ahve these bags, whenever there's an emergency, we can just grab them and go somewhere safe.

Ogot: And you know what? Just so everything is organized, I made a list of what's inside my emergency bag!

Joji: Wow, that's impressive! May I see, Ogot?

Ogot: Here!

Joji: 'Bread, chips, crackers, canned goods-' Hey, these are all food, Ogot!

Ogot: Of course not! Look! There's medicine, flashlight, and bottled water.

Joji: Yes, but everything else is food!

Ogot: Really?

Joji: Come on, let's try organizing the things in your bag.

(we see the items represented as a pie chart)

Joji: 95% is food, while the others, medicine, flashlight, and bottled water are one percent each!

Ogot: Oh, I guess you're right. That's a lot of food.

Joji: Well, Ogot, it's okay to have a lot of food, but maybe you should add a bit more medicine, and a few more bottles of water.

Ogot: Right, I'll do that. Thanks, Joji, and thank you for your pie chart!

Joji: No problem, Ogot. What about you? Is your emergency bag ready? (pause) That's great. Well, thank you for being with us today. We'll see you again next time, and we hope you had a great time, because my room is your room.

Joji&Ogot: Goodbye!