Context Clues/Transcript

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(we see Joji with his tablet)

Joji: Oh, hello there? How are you? My freind is sending me pictures from her travels! Wow, she has been to a lot of places in our country. Great photos, right? Oh, wait!

(opens message)

Joji: 'Hi, Joji! I'm going to hike on the foothills of Sierra Madre. These low hills are easy to climb.'

(opens next message)

Joji: 'Want to join me?' Oh, that sounds fun! I would love to see the mountains of Sierra Madre, but wait, do you know what 'foothills' means?

(the word 'foothills' pops up below in blue)

Joji: Well, we know that it's a closed compound word, but do you know its meaning?

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Joji: Ah! I will look at her message again. I think I can find some clues to help me. 'I'm going to hike on the foothills of Sierra Madre. These low hills are easy to climb.' Hmm, in the first sentence, she said that she will hike on the foothills, and in the second sentence, she said that it is easy to climb the low hills.

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Joji: 'Foothills' is 'low hills'!

(the words 'foothills' and 'low hills' in red are separated by a blue dash)

Joji: They have the same meaning! They are synonyms!

(the word 'synonyms' pops up below in blue)

Joji: See how I got that? I used the words from the message to help me find out the meaning of 'foothills'!

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Joji: We call those words 'context clues'!

(the words 'context clues' pop up in blue, trailed by a magnifying glass)

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Joji: The given context clue in my friend's message is the synonym of the word.

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(the word 'synonyms' pops up in a red blob)

Joji: Synonyms are words that have the same meaning.

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Joji: To find out the meaning of an unfamiliar word, just look for context clues like I did. Let me reply to my friend's invitation.

(posts message)

Joji: 'Sure! I'd love to go with you. Let's go to a sandbar after, and walk along that long ridge of sand.' Do you know what a 'sandbar' is? (pause) Oh, you don't? Just look for the context clues!

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Joji: A sandbar is a long ridge of sand formed in a river. The context clue is right there. It is the definition of 'sandbar', that long ridge of sand.

(the word 'sandbar' turns blue, while the context clue definition 'that long ridge of sand' turns red)

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Joji: Always look for context clues to figure out the meaning of a word! As for me, I'm going to be looking for my hiking and swimming stuff to prepare for my trip! See ya!

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(the word 'context clues' pops up in a red blob)

Joji: Context clues are clues within a sentence that help us understand unfamiliar words. Context clues can be the word's 'synonym', or the word tha thas the same meaning.

(we see a girl named Ava eat ice cream)

Joji: 'Ava loves to eat ice cream during summer, because it is a cold dessert.' Ice cream is a dessert. Context clues can also be the word's antonym, or the word that has the opposite meaning.

(we see a Ava and his brother)

Joji: 'Ava is outspoken, unlike her brother, who is shy and quiet.' The sentence says Ava is unlike her brother, so, if he is shy and quiet, it means Ava is the opposite. Context clues can also be in the form of inference clues. These are information that help us figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word.

(we see Ava at the playground)

Joji: 'Ava loves going to the playground, because she loves to play with her friends.' Analyzing this sentence, we can infer that a playground is a place where someone can play with his or her friends. Be familiar with unfamiliar words! Look for context clues! The synonym, antonym, or inference clue.

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Joji: Let's use context clues to figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words.

(we see the options 'an act of making one's departure', 'an act of introduction', and 'an act of apology')

Joji: This is the first sentence. 'Marj said farewell to Ogot when she left.' What does 'farewell' mean? (pause) Correct, 'an act of making one's departure'. What type of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) It's an inference clue.

(we see the options 'keeping away from people', 'keeping something from getting lost or stolen', and 'keeping for memories')

Joji: 'Marj kept the ticket in her bag for safekeeping, so that she would not lose it.' What is the meaning of 'safekeeping'? (pause) Keeping something from getting lost or stolen. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) It's inference clue.

(we see the options 'comedy based on silly and clumsy actions', 'horror based on supernatural events', and 'fiction set in outer space')

Joji: 'Marj laughed so hard because the movie was a slapstick.' What does that mean? (pause) it's a comedy based on silly and clumsy actions. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) It's an inference clue.

(we see the options 'something that is worth the time, money, or effort spent', 'something that is cheap', and 'something that takes a short time')

Joji: 'Marj finds the movie worthwhile, unlike others, who found it boring.' What does 'worthwhile' mean? (pause) Correct. It is 'something that is worth the time, money, or effort spent'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Antonym.

(we see the options 'something that is about to happen', 'something that is happening', and 'something that is already done')

Joji: 'Marj is excited to see the upcoming movie next week.' What does 'upcoming' mean? (pause) Right, 'upcoming' means 'something that is about to happen'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) It's an inference clue.

(we see the options 'a list of activities and its time', 'a list of things to buy', and 'a list of friends to visit')

Joji: 'Ogot has a timetable, or a schedule of things, that he wants to do for his trip to Aklan.' What is the meaning of 'timetable'? 'Timetable is a list of activities and its time. Did you get it right? What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Synonym.

(we see the options 'something expensive', 'something which is a temporary substitute', and 'something that can be folded')

Joji: 'Ogot made an improvised, or a makeshift chair for himself.' What is 'makeshift'? (pause) Correct, it is 'a temporaty substitute'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Synonym.

(we see the options 'a high place of land', 'a shopping mall', and 'a well-known object or structure in a particular place')

Joji: 'Ogot went to the landmark, which many tourists visit.' What does 'landmark' mean? (pause) 'Landmark' is 'a well-known object or structure in a particular place'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Correct, it's an inference clue.

(we see the options 'something that is not heavy', 'something that produces light', and 'something old')

Joji: 'Ogot bought a light-emitting watch. He likes it because it is glowing.' What is the meaning of 'light-emitting'? (pause) Right, it's 'something that glows or gives off light'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Synonym.

(we see the options 'going out of the house', 'on the way home', and 'staying home')

Joji: 'Ogot was homebound, unlike other tourists who just arrived at the airport.' What does it mean? (pause) 'Homebound' means 'on the way home'. What kind of context clue was used? Synonym, antonym, or inference clue? (pause) Correct, it's an inference clue. You did good! Great job.

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(we see Lino reporting)

Lino: We will have an interview with Mayor Lito. He is ont he site where one of his projects will be built. Good morning, mayor Lito!

Mayor Lito: Good morning.

Lino: Mayor, please tell me more about this project.

Mayor Lito: Yes, we are going to have a high-rise building here.

Lino: High-rise.

Mayor Lito: Yes, 'high-rise'.

(the word 'high-rise' pops up in green at the mayor's side)

Lino: That is a compound.

Mayor Lito: Wh-wh-what do you mean, 'compound'? It's a building.

Lino: No, no, no, what I mean is...that is a compound word. 'High-rise' is a hyphenated compound word.

(the words 'high-rise' and 'hyphenated compound word' pop up in greem)

Mayor Lito: Y-yes, uh, a hyphenated compound word.

Lino: Yes, it is!

Mayor Lito: Anyway, this high-rise building will have 200 levels, and more than 10 elevators.

Lino: Wait, with 200 levels, and with more thna 10 elevators? Does 'high-rise' mean a very tall building, Mayor Lito?

Mayor Lito: Yes, this will be the highest building in our region.

Lino: I knew it!

Mayor Lito: (record scratch) What do you mean, 'I knew it?'

Lino: Have you heard of context clues?

(the word 'context clues' pops up in green at Lino's side)

Mayor Lito: Context...clues?

Lino: When you read or hear unfamiliar words, we can sometimes figure out their meaning by looking for clues.

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(the words 'context clues' pop up in a red blob)

Mayor Lito: Which...are context clues?

Lino: Right, the one I just used is called 'inference clue'.

(the words 'inference clue' pop up in a red blob)

Lino: A clue you get by analyzing the information in the sentence. At first, I didn't know what you mean by 'high-rise', but, when you said that it will have 200 levels, and more than 10 elevators,

(those bits of information are highlited in red)

Lino: I figured out that a high-rise building is a very tall building, and because it had the word 'high' in it, I thought that it had something to do with height!

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Mayor Lito: Hmm, that's very smart. Using inference clues is a good way of finding out a word's meaning.

Lino: That's right. Inference clue is just one kind of context clue. There are other kinds, like a word's synonym, or antonym.

Mayor Lito: I will remember that.

Lino: Thank you for your time, Mayor.

Mayor Lito: But, wait! D-My-pro-This is my-

Lino: Thank you for the context clue you shared. This is our news.

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(on a blue background, we see the words 'jawbreaker', 'drawbacks', and 'outraged')

Joji: Have you heard of these compound words? Do you know what they mean? Let's read some sentences, and figure out the meaning of each word.

(we see a girl confused with a candidate)

Joji: 'The candidate's name was a jawbreaker. It was very hard to pronounce.' (pause) Reading this sentence, we can say that the candidate's last name is very hard to pronounce, which means 'jawbreaker' is a name or word that is hard to pronounce.

(we see a crossed-out sheet of paper)

Joji: 'The candidate's plan has many drawbacks. The people rejected it.' (pause) In this sentence, we can say that 'drawbacks' are problems, or something negative because the next sentence says people rejected it. And when something is rejected, it is usually a bad or negative thing.

(we see an angry set of people)

Joji: In this last sentence, what does 'outraged' mean? 'The pople are outraged by the lack of action to the country's problem. They want an immediate solution. (pause) The sentence says that people want immediate solutions to the country's problem, but there is a lack of aciton. We can say that someone is angry when they don't get what they want. There is also 'rage' in the word 'outraged'. 'Rage' is a feeling of intense anger, so, using inference clues, we can say that 'outraged' means angry. Were you able to tell the meaning of the words? Good job! Remember, when in doubt, look for the clues.

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Joji: When you don't know the meaning of the word, remember to look for context clues. These clues help us figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words! So, don't worry if you don't know the meaning of some words, you'll soon find out what they mean! Just look for the clues! Thank you for being with me today. See you again next time, and remember, my room is your room. Goodbye!